Dar Nur al-Zahra' ialah sebuah perpustakaan awam milik persendirian yang diwakafkan untuk dimanfaatkan secara percuma oleh orang ramai. Ia satu-satunya perpustakaan seumpama ini di Malaysia.
Peminat Perpustakaan
Thursday, December 27, 2007
Perpustakaan Bercuti
Diharap para pengunjung bersabar dan selamat bercuti. Semoga kami akan lebih cekap di tahun hadapan.
Friday, December 21, 2007
A Scientist's Interpretation of References to Embryology in the Qur'an
Keith L. Moore, Ph.D., F.I.A.C. The Department of Anatomy, University of Toronto, Canada. Address all correspondence to: Keith L. Moore, Ph.D, F.I.A.C., Professor of Anatomy and Associate Dean Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M55 IAB, Canada
Statements referring to human reproduction and development are scattered throughout the Qur'an. It is only recently that the scientific meaning of some of these verses has been appreciated fully. The long delay in interpreting these verses correctly resulted mainly from inaccurate translations and commentaries and from a lack of awareness of scientific knowledge. Interest in explanations of the verses of the Qur'an is not new. People used to ask the prophet Muhammad all sorts of questions about the meaning of verses referring to human reproduction. The Apostle's answers form the basis of the Hadith literature. The translations(*) of the verses from the Qur'an which are interpreted in this paper were provided by Sheik Abdul Majid Zendani, a Professor of Islamic Studies in King Abdulaziz University in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
"He makes you in the wombs of your mothers in stages, one after another, in three veils of darkness."
This statement is from Sura 39:6. We do not know when it was realized that human beings underwent development in the uterus (womb), but the first known illustration of a fetus in the uterus was drawn by Leonardo da Vinci in the 15th century. In the 2nd century A.D., Galen described the placenta and fetal membranes in his book "On The Formation of the Foetus." Consequently, doctors in the 7th century A.D. likely knew that the human embryo developed in the uterus. It is unlikely that they knew that it developed in stages, even though Aristotle had described the stages of development of the chick embryo in the 4th century B.C. The realization that the human embryo develops in stages was not discussed and illustrated until the 15th century. After the microscope was discovered in the 17th century by Leeuwenhoek descriptions were made of the early stages of the chick embryo. The staging of human embryos was not described until the 20th century. Streeter (1941) developed the first system of staging which has now been replaced by a more accurate system proposed by O'Rahilly (1972).
"The three veils of darkness" may refer to: (l) the anterior abdominal wall; (2) the uterine wall; and (3) the amniochorionic membrane (Fig. 1). Although there are other interpretations of this statement, the one presented here seems the most logical from an embryological point of view.
Figure 1. Drawing of a sagittal section of a female's abdomen and pelvis showing a fetus in utero. The "veils of darkness" are: (1) the anterior abdominal wall; (2) the uterine wall, and (3) the amniochorionic membrane.
"Then We placed him as a drop in a place of rest."
This statement is from Sura 23:13. The drop or nutfah has been interpreted as the sperm or spermatozoon, but a more meaningful interpretation would be the zygote which divides to form a blastocyst which is implanted in the uterus ("a place of rest"). This interpretation is supported by another verse in the Qur'an which states that "a human being is created from a mixed drop." The zygote forms by the union of a mixture of the sperm and the ovum ("The mixed drop").
"Then We made the drop into a leech-like structure."
This statement is from Sura 23:14. The word "alaqah" refers to a leech or bloodsucker. This is an appropriate description of the human embryo from days 7-24 when it clings to the endometrium of the uterus, in the same way that a leech clings to the skin. Just as the leech derives blood from the host, the human embryo derives blood from the decidua or pregnant endometrium. It is remarkable how much the embryo of 23-24 days resembles a leech (Fig. 2). As there were no microscopes or lenses available in the 7th century, doctors would not have known that the human embryo had this leech-like appearance. In the early part of the fourth week, the embryo is just visible to the unaided eye because it is smaller than a kernel of wheat.
Figure 2. Top, a drawing of a leech or bloodsucker. Below, a drawing of a 24 day-old human embryo. Note the leech-like appearance of the human embryo at this stage.
Figure 3. Left, a plasticine model of the human embryo which has the appearance of chewed flesh. Right, a drawing of a 28 day-old human embryo showing several bead-like somites which resemble the teeth marks in the model shown to the left.
"Then of that leech-like structure, We made a chewed lump."
This statement is also from Sura 23:14. The Arabic word "mudghah" means "chewed substance or chewed lump." Toward the end of the fourth week, the human embryo looks somewhat like a chewed lump of flesh (Fig. 3). The chewed appearance results from the somites which resemble teeth marks. The somites represent the beginnings or primordia of the vertebrae.
"Then We made out of the chewed lump, bones, and clothed the bones in flesh."
This continuation of Sura 23:14 indicates that out of the chewed lump stage, bones and muscles form. This is in accordance with embryological development. First the bones form as cartilage models and then the muscles (flesh) develop around them from the somatic mesoderm.
"Then We developed out of it another creature."
This next part of Sura 23:14 implies that the bones and muscles result in the formation of another creature. This may refer to the human-like embryo that forms by the end of the eighth week. At this stage it has distinctive human characteristics and possesses the primordia of all the internal and external organs and parts. After the eighth week, the human embryo is called a fetus. This may be the new creature to which the verse refers.
"And He gave you hearing and sight and feeling and understanding."
This part of Sura 32:9 indicates that the special senses of hearing, seeing, and feeling develop in this order, which is true. The primordia of the internal ears appear before the beginning of the eyes, and the brain (the site of understanding) differentiates last.
"Then out of a piece of chewed flesh, partly formed and partly unformed."
This part of Sura 22:5 seems to indicate that the embryo is composed of both differentiated and undifferentiated tissues. For example, when the cartilage bones are differentiated, the embryonic connective tissue or mesenchyme around them is undifferentiated. It later differentiates into the muscles and ligaments attached to the bones.
"And We cause whom We will to rest in the wombs for an appointed term."
This next part of Sura 22:5 seems to imply that God determines which embryos will remain in the uterus until full term. It is well known that many embryos abort during the first month of development, and that only about 30% of zygotes that form, develop into fetuses that survive until birth. This verse has also been interpreted to mean that God determines whether the embryo will develop into a boy or girl.
The interpretation of the verses in the Qur'an referring to human development would not have been possible in the 7th century A.D., or even a hundred years ago. We can interpret them now because the science of modern Embryology affords us new understanding. Undoubtedly there are other verses in the Qur'an related to human development that will be understood in the future as our knowledge increases.
(*) Even though the translations of the verses of the Qur'an in the above paper were provided by Sheik Abdul Majid Zendani, the links to the translations in this page are from Yusuf Ali Qur'an Translation (http://qibla.msa.upenn.edu/alim_online/yali_trans/yasurahl.htm) presented by the Alim Online since Sheik Zendani's translation is not available on the internet. (MSA-UTK)
Many thanks to Dr.Jamal Badawi who have brought this article to us.
Saturday, December 8, 2007
PAMERAN MUKJIZAT AL-QUR'AN 2007
Sedikit maklumat berkenaan satu program yang sangat menarik yang dianjurkan oleh Dar Nur al-Zahra' sempena musim cuti sekolah dan akhir tahun 2007 ini. Insya-Allah kita akan menganjurkan Pameran Mukjizat al-Qur'an seperti mana maklumat di bawah.
Tarikh: 11 - 16 Disember 2007
Tempat: Kompleks Islam (Balai Islam Lundang), Kota Bharu, Kelantan.
Masa: 10.00 pagi - 10.00 malam
TENTATIF PENUH
11/12/07 (Selasa)
3.00 ptg: Pertandingan Bercerita Kanak-Kanak
12/12/07 (Rabu)
10.00 pg: Pertandingan Mewarna Kanak-Kanak
3.00 ptg: Demonstrasi Menulis Khat & Jawi
13/12/07 (Khamis)
3.00 ptg: Majlis Perasmian oleh YAB Dato' Menteri Besar Kelantan
9.00 mlm: Forum 'Kamceng Dengan Al-Qur'an'
Panelis:
2) Ustaz Saaibon (Pegawai JHEAIK)
3) Ustazah Siti Zailah Mohd Yusof (Tim. Pengarah HALAQAT)
14/12/07 (Jumaat)
10.00 pg: Bicara Ilmu 'Mengapa Saya Memeluk Islam?' oleh Pn. Nur Aisyah Chua
3.00 ptg: Pertandingan 'Islamic Board Game: Qur'an Challenge'
9.00 mlm: Konsert Islami bersama RAIHAN & Kumpulan Dikir Barat Jen Endoro
15/12/07 (Sabtu)
9.00 pg: Konvensyen Kebangsaan Penghayatan Al-Qur'an di Dewan Johor APIUM
Pembentang:
1. Dr Azman: Solat & Sains
2. Ustaz Adli (Teguh Iman Resources): Sains & Al-Qur'an Bercanggah atau Tidak
3. Dr. Danial Zainal Abidin: Quran Saintifik
10.00 pg - 5 ptg: Tayangan Filem dari Iran 'Baran', 'Colour of Paradise' dan 'Children of Heaven'
3.00 ptg: Pertandingan 'Qur'an Story Puzzles' untuk Prasekolah, Tahun 1 & 2
16/12/07 (Ahad)
Dengan itu kami dari Dar Nur al-Zahra' ingin menjemput semua kenalan dan pengunjung semua untuk turut serta di dalam aktiviti pameran ini. Semoga kita semua mendapat ganjaran dan ilmu yang berganda daripada program ini.
Tuesday, October 9, 2007
Selamat Menyambut Hari Raya Aidil Fitri
Para pengunjung Dar Nur al-Zahra' yang dihormati, bagi pihak perpustakaan, K.Chik ingin mengambil kesempatan ini untuk mengucapkan Selamat Menyambt Hari Raya Aidil Fitri 1428 Hijrah. Kami menyusun sepuluh jari dan dengan hati yang tulus, memohon maaf zahir dan batin daripada anda semua terutama kepada adik-adik yang sering ditegur semasa berada di dalam perpustakaan kami. Jika teguran kami sedikit terkasar, maafkan lagi zahir dan batin.
Kami sebagai saudara seagama dan juga anggota masyarakat yang bertanggungjawab, hanyalah menjalankan amanah yang telah diletakkan di atas bahu kami. Mengajak yang makruf mencegah yang mungkar.
Selain itu, kami juga ingin menjalinkan hubungan lebih ikhlas dengan seluruh pengguna perpustakaan agar berkat ilmu di sini akan dinikmati oleh semua yang berada di bawah bumbungnya.
Salam Hari Raya.
Dari kami:
Nor Haniza, Mohamad, Akmar, Noradila, Syukri, Abd. Aziz, Hafiz, Azlina dan Che Minah.
Monday, September 17, 2007
Ceramah Perdana Pra Pameran Mukjizat al-Quran 2007
Ceramah tersebut telah berlangsung di Dewan Utama USM Kubang Kerian dari jam 8.30 pagi hingga 1.00 petang. Alhamdulillah kehadiran peserta telah melebihi jangkaan iaitu seribu orang. Kebanyakannya ialah pelajar sekolah dan selebihnya ialah kakitangan USM dan orang awam.
Ceramah bertajuk Mencungkil Keajaiban Sains Dalam Al-Qur'an telah disampaikan oleh penceramah yang tidak asing lagi di Serambi Mekah ini iaitu Dr. Jamnul Azhar bin Haji Mulkan yang datang jauh dari Negeri Kedah.
Sebahagian penonton wanita yang terdiri dari para pelajar beberapa sekolah menengah di Kelantan.
Kami juga membuka gerai jualan buku dengan kerjasama MariBaca Bookstore untuk meraih sedikit pendapatan bagi menambah dana perpustakaan. Alhamdulillah pada hari tersebut, kami berjaya mempromosi buku-buku terbitan PTS dan Goodwords dengan baik sekali seiring dengan promosi Dar Nur al-Zahra'.
Kelihatan para peserta lelaki dari Maahad Tahfiz yang datang agak lewat dan terpaksa duduk di barisan belakang peserta wanita. Boleh dikatakan seluruh ruang dalam dewan pada hari tersebut adalah padat.
Dari kiri: Dr. Jamul Azhar, Dr. Wan Nudri (Tim. Pengarah Pusat Islam USM) dan En. Nazri Deraman (AJK Pameran Mukjizat al-Qur'an selaki wakil Pengarah)
Penceramah sedang bersemangat menyampaikan butir-butir penting pada hari tersebut. Banyak yang kita pelajari dari ceramah beliau. Walaupun belajar di jurusan perubatan dan kini memiliki klinik sendiri, Dr. Jamnul lebih suka dipanggil Ustaz oleh orang lain.
Masing-masing khusyuk mendengar ceramah yang sememangnya memberi banyak input untuk dijadikan panduan hidup dan amalan di masa akan datang.
Peserta mengambil tempat sementara majlis bermula.
Ramai sungguh pelajar dari Maahad Muhammadi Perempuan yang datang. Baguslah dik, jadikan isi kandungan ceramah sebagai panduan dan ikutan.
Ini pula guru-guru pengiring dan orang awam yang turut hadir ke majlis sama ada berjemput atau tidak. Terima kasih semua. Panjangkanlah apa yang kita dapat pada hari ini kepada mereka yang tidak berkesempatan untuk datang.
Program 2 sesi tersebut diakhiri tepat jam 1 petang. Terima kasih tak terhingga kami ucapkan kepada Pusat Islam USM kerana sudi bekerjasama di dalam menjayakan program yang sungguh bermanfaat ini.
Kini Ramadhan 1428 Hijrah
Ada yang datang bawa keluarga untuk sama-sama memakmurkan perpustakaan ini. Baguslah! Sememangnya di waktu-waktu beginilah kami merasakan satu keseronokan kerana melihat begitu ramai di kalangan kita yang suka berkunjung ke perpustakaan.
Ada yang datang mencari buku tertentu tapi sayangnya kami pula tidak mempunyai buku tersebut di dalam koleksi kami. Tapi insya-Allah kami akan bantu mereka dengan memberi pandu arah untuk mendapatkan buku yang dimaksudkan. Kami akan sarankan agar mereka ke Perpustakaan Awam Negeri Kelantan atau ke mana-mana perpustakaan yang kami tahu boleh dikunjungi oleh orang awam.
Yang pastinya, kami bersyukur kerana selepas hampir 7 tahun Dar Nur al-Zahra' beroperasi, kedatangan pengunjung amatlah membanggakan dengan purata hampir seratus orang sehari. Semoga Allah memberi kami kekuatan untuk terus berusaha meningkatkan lagi prestasi perkhidmatan dan aktiviti kami demi mengajak orang ramai mencintai ilmu.